Source Notes

Chapter 20: Man On Apollo

  1. 1. NASA, OMSF, Apollo Program Directive No. 4H, 3 Nov. 1967.

  2. 2. KSC, "Apollo 5 Daily Status Reports," 3 Mar.-14 Apr. 1967.

  3. 3. KSC release 1-68, 3 Jan. 1968; Widick interview.

  4. 4. "Apollo 5 Daily Status Reports," 23 June, 14-21 Aug., 19 Nov., 22 Dec. 1967, 19 Jan. 1968.

  5. 5. Statement of Rocco Petrone and Gen. S. Phillips, "Apollo 5 Post-Launch Press Conference," 22 Jan. 1968; NASA, OMSF, Apollo Program Flight Summary Report, Apollo Missions AS-201 through Apollo 8, Jan. 1969, pp. 20-22.

  6. 6. "LC-39 Site Activation Status Report," 5, 26 Apr. 1967; KSC, "Apollo 6 (AS-502) Daily Status Report," 22 Mar. 1967.

  7. 7. "Apollo 6 Daily Status Report," Mar. 1967.

  8. 8. Ibid., May-June 1967.

  9. 9. Ibid., July-Aug. 1967.

  10. 10. Ibid., 12 Sept.-Oct. 1967.

  11. 11. Ibid., Dec. 1967.

  12. 12. Ibid., 28 Dec. 1967-11 Jan. 1968.

  13. 13. Ibid., 15-16, 30 Jan., 6-9 Feb. 1968; Spaceport News, 15 Feb. 1968.

  14. 14. Phillips to Mueller, 5 Sept. 1968; "Apollo 6 Daily Status Report," 8-21 Mar. 1968.

  15. 15. "Apollo 6 Daily Status Report," 25 Mar. 1968; Phillips to Mueller, 5 Sept. 1968; KSC. Apollo/Saturn V Ground Systems Evaluation Report, AS-502, KSC document 140-44-0010, pp. 2-2, 4-l; NASA, "Apollo 6 Pre-Launch Press Conference," Cocoa Beach, 3 Apr. 1968, pp. 3-4, 7-10.

  16. 16. House Committee on Government Operations, Hearing: Investigation of the Boeing-TIE Contract, 90th Congress, 2nd sess., 15 July 1968, p. 10.

  17. 17. NASA Hq., "Apollo 6 SLA Problem and Resolution," 17 Dec. 1968; NASA, Nineteenth Semiannual Report to Congress, 1 Jan.-30 June 1968, p. 19.

  18. 18. NASA, Nineteenth Semiannual Report, pp. 8-18.

  19. 19. NASA, "Apollo 6 Post-Launch Press Conference," LC-39 Press Site, 4 Apr. 1968. pp. 3-5.

  20. 20. Spaceport News, 11 Apr. 1968.

  21. 21. Erlend A. Kennan and Edmund H. Harvey, Jr., Mission to the Moon, pp. 284-85.

  22. 22. NASA, Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1968, pp.83, 119-20; NASA, Nineteenth Semiannual Report, p. 19.

  23. 23. Phillips to Mueller, 5 Sept. 1968; Erich E. Goerner, "LOX Prevalve to Prevent POGO Effect on Saturn V," Space/Aeronautics, Dec. 1968, p. 72; House Committee on Science and Astronautics, Hearings on 1970 NASA Authorization, 91st Cong., 1st sess., pt. 2. pp. 27-29.

  24. 24. MSC, Apollo Spacecraft Program Quarterly Status Report, no. 25, 30 Sept. 1968. pp. 1-9.

  25. 25. Spaceport News, 29 Feb. 1968.

  26. 26. Robert Sherrod, "The Selling of the Astronauts," Columbia Journalism Review, May-June 1973, pp. 17- 25.

  27. 27. Ibid., pp. 16-17. When former astronaut John Glenn entered the Ohio senatorial primary in the spring of 1964, news broke that he and the other original astronauts had financial interests in Cape Colony Inn in Cocoa Beach. Profitability of the Inn was obviously related to the space program.

  28. 28. One of the astronauts was so fearful of heights that he hesitated to cross the catwalk at the 31st floor of the VAB, so the ground crew covered the grating on the swing arm with boards whenever he crossed to the spacecraft.

  29. 29. Spaceport News, 4 Oct. 1968.

  30. 30. Wendt interview.

  31. 31. Neil Armstrong et al., First on the Moon (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1970), nondocumented, interesting account of Apollo 11, previous Apollos, and the astronauts and their families, based on interviews.

  32. 32. Spaceport News, 28 Mar. 1968.

  33. 33. Ibid.

  34. 34. Kennedy Space Center Story (1971 ed.), pp. 227-28.

  35. 35. NASA, OMSF, "Apollo Program Directive 4H," 3 Nov. 1967; KSC, "Apollo 7 (AS-205) Daily Status Reports," 11 May-3 June 1968.

  36. 36. "Apollo 7 Daily Status Reports," June-July 1968; KSC, "Minutes of Apollo Launch Operations Committee (ALOC) Meetings," 13 June, 11 July, 1 Aug. 1968; Spaceport News, 1 Aug. 1968.

  37. 37. "Minutes of ALOC Meetings," 1, 15, 29 Aug. 1968; Spaceport News, 29 Aug., 12 Sept. 1968; Ragusa interview.

  38. 38. ASA, OMSF, Mission Operation Report: Apollo 7 (AS-205) Mission, 30 Sept. 1968.

  39. 39. Ibid.

  40. 40. Wernher von Braun and Frederick L. Ordway III, History of Rocketry and Space Travel (New York: Thomas V. Crowell and Co., 1969), pp. 226-27.

  41. 41. Spaceport News, 24 Oct. 1968.

  42. 42. Ibid.

  43. 43. KSC release 22-68, 29 Jan. 1968; NASA, Nineteenth Semiannual Report to Congress, 19 Jan.-30 June 1968, p. 13; Roderick O. Middleton, KSC Apollo Program Mgr., to Samuel C. Phillips, TWX, 7 Mar. 1968; MSFC, Saturn V Launch Vehicle Flight Evaluation Report - AS-503, p. 3-1.

  44. 44. Harold B. Finger to Mueller, 1 May 1968.

  45. 45. Ibid.

  46. 46. MSFC, Saturn V Launch Vehicle Flight Evaluation Report-AS-503, pp. 3-1, 3-2; KSC, "Apollo 8 Daily Status Reports," 29 Apr.-6 May 1968; unsigned document on working schedule for manned (CSM-103) and unmanned (BP-30) AS-503 missions, 21 Apr. 1968; Phillips to Debus, TWX, 29 Apr. 1968.

  47. 47. KSC, "Apollo 8 Daily Status Reports," 8, 10, 17, 31 May 1968.

  48. 48. Ibid., 14, 17 June 1968.

  49. 49. Proffitt interview, 1 Dec. 1970.

  50. 50. NASA, Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1968, p. 191.

  51. 51. George M. Low to C. H. Bolender and K. S. Kleinknecht, "Chuck Mathews Review of KSC Activities," 14 Sept. 1968, Apollo discussion papers, JSC Historical Archives.

  52. 52. Debus to Mueller, 16 July 1968.

  53. 53. Phillips to Debus, 24 Aug. 1968.

  54. 54. KSC, "Apollo 8 Daily Status Reports," 10 June-22 July 1968.

  55. 55. Ibid., 22 July-4 Aug. 1968; George M. Low, memo for record, 19 Aug. 1968, in Apollo discussion papers, JSC Historical Archives.

  56. 56. KSC, "Apollo 8 Daily Status Reports," 28 June-25 July 1968.

  57. 57. Ibid., 12-16 Aug. 1968; Low, memo for record, 19 Aug. 1968; "Transcript of News Conference on Apollo Program Changes," 19 Aug. 1968.

  58. 58. Phillips to Debus, 10, 20 Aug. 1968.

  59. 59. KSC, Apollo/Saturn V Launch Operations Test and Checkout Requirements, AS-503, document K-V-051-01/3, p. 6-1.

  60. 60. KSC, "Apollo 8 Daily Status Report," 16 Sept. 1968.

  61. 61. NASA, "Transcript of Saturn AS-503 Delta Design Certification Review," 19 Sept. 1968; KSC, "Apollo 8 Daily Status Reports," 8-10 Oct. 1968.

  62. 62. NASA, Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1968, p. 266.

  63. 63. Ibid., p. 278.

  64. 64. KSC, "Apollo 8 Daily Status Reports," 15, 19 Nov. 1968; KSC, Apollo/Saturn V Launch Mission Rules, Apollo 8 (AS-503/CSM 103), document K-V-05.10/3, pp. 1-2 through 1-29.

  65. 65. KSC, "Apollo 8 Daily Status Reports," 5-11 Dec. 1968.

  66. 66. NASA, Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1968, p. 313.

  67. 67. John N. Wilford, "Final Countdown On for Moon Shot Tomorrow," New York Times. 20 Dec. 1968.

  68. 68. "Apollo 8 Onboard Voice Transcription, As Recorded on the Spacecraft Onboard Recorder (Data Storage Equipment)," MSC, Jan. 1969, tape 58-4.

  69. 69. Kennedy Space Center Story (1971 ed.), pp. 101-102.

  70. 70. Boeing Atlantic Test Center News 6 (13 Jan. 1969): 1.

  71. 71. MSC, Apollo 8 Technical Debriefing, 2 Jan. 1969, p. 139.

  72. 72. Spaceport News, 16 Jan. 1969; Reyes interview and Chauvin interview, June 1973.

  73. 73. "Briefing by KSC-NASA for the Congressional Subcommittee on Manned Space Flight," 28 Feb. 1969, pp. 4-5.

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